{"id":33549,"date":"2026-02-10T11:43:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T08:13:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/?post_type=kb&#038;p=33549"},"modified":"2026-02-10T11:43:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T08:13:14","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%db%8c%d9%84-%d8%ae%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81%db%8c%d9%84%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a2%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%db%8c%d9%86%db%8c%d9%88%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"kb","link":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/kb\/%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%db%8c%d9%84-%d8%ae%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81%db%8c%d9%84%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a2%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%db%8c%d9%86%db%8c%d9%88%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/kb\/\">\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06a9<\/a><\/strong>\u060c \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc (Fatigue)<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/aluminium-extrusion\/\">\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062f<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Eurocode 9 (EN 1999-1-3)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc 5xxx \u0648 6xxx\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/aluminium-alloys\/\">\u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 CO\u2082 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\u06f1-\u0686\u0631\u0627-\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc-\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631-\u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc-\u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc-\u0627\u0633\u062a\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f1. \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u00ab\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u200c\u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/strong> \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a <strong>\u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0645\u0634\u06cc\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632\u060c \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 <strong>\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u060c <strong>\u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/strong> (Fatigue Failure) \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u200c\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a (HAZ)\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0642<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0627\u06af\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Horn-Semitrailer-Chassis-design-against-Fatigue-on-the-basis-of-Field-Test-data.pdf\">\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/a><\/strong>&#8221; \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/TRAILERS-.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-33554 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/aluminium\">\u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645<\/a><\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u00ab\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0647\u00bb \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/european-aluminium.eu\/\">European Aluminium<\/a> \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2 \u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 CO\u2082 \u0648 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062e\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a: \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f2. \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2.\u06f1. \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc S\u2013N<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc <strong>\u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u06cc<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634 <strong>S\u2013N (W\u00f6hler)<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S (Stress):<\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>N (Number of Cycles):<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0634 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0634 \u06af\u0648\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u2026) \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc S\u2013N \u0627\u0632 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/EN1999_7_Kosteas.pdf\">\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc (Fatigue Categories) \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c <strong>\u062d\u062f \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 (Endurance Limit) \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/strong>\u061b \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 N \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u06f1\u06f0\u2077 \u06cc\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u2078 \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2.\u06f2. Eurocode 9 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/en.1999.1.3.2007.pdf\">EN 1999-1-3 (Eurocode 9 \u2013 Fatigue of aluminium structures)<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc <strong>Safe-Life Design (\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc S\u2013N)<\/strong>\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Damage Tolerant Design (\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0631\u06a9)<\/strong>\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 <strong>Design Assisted by Testing (\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f (Detail Categories) \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Eurocode 9 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc (Spektrum \u0628\u0627\u0631)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f3. \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3.\u06f1. \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc 5xxx: \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u0633\u0631\u06cc 5xxx (Al\u2013Mg)<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/strong>\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc 5083 \u0648 5454 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3.\u06f2. \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc 6xxx: \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062f<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0631\u0636\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/kb\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b5%d8%b5%db%8c-%d8%a2%d9%84%db%8c%d8%a7%da%98-%d8%a2%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%db%8c%d9%86%db%8c%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c-6000\/\">\u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc 6000<\/a> (Al\u2013Mg\u2013Si)<\/strong> \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f 6005A\u060c 6061\u060c 6063\u060c 6082 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc (T6\/T64 \u0648\u2026) \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u06a9\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698 6005A-T6 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u00ab\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u2013\u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc (Fatigue Aging)\u00bb \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f4. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0637\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4.\u06f1. \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0648 \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u0648 \u2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0634\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0631\u0636\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/strong> \u0631\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4.\u06f2. \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc (Spectral Loading)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 <strong>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc (Field Test Data) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 <strong>\u0647\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631 (Rainflow Counting)<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc S\u2013N \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <strong>\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f5. \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5.\u06f1. \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644: \u0627\u0632 FEA \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc S\u2013N<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f (FEA)<\/strong> \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc (\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647\/\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f) \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0637\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0634<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc (\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0686\/\u067e\u0631\u0686 \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u200c\u0647\u0627)\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 <strong>\u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Rainflow\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc S\u2013N<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a (Detail Category) \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 Eurocode 9 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 <strong>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/strong> \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 (Palmgren\u2013Miner).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5.\u06f2. \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 HAZ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0634 (MIG\u060c TIG\u060c FSW \u0648 \u2026)\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0634 (Toe)\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u06cc\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0632<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0634 T \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698 6082 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f MIG \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u06cc\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u2013\u0641\u0644\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 Eurocode 9\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0634 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b 40\u060c 50\u060c 56 MPa \u0648 \u2026 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06f2 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644)\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5.\u06f3. \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647: \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Damage Tolerant<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 Duty Cycle \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f) \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f <strong>Damage Tolerant<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 Paris\u2013Erdogan<\/strong> \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc da\/dN\u2013\u0394K \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\/\u062c\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0633\u06cc (Inspection) \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0631\u062e \u0631\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f EN 1999-1-3 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 Safe-Life \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f6. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f6.\u06f1. \u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">European Aluminium \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f3\u06f0\u2013\u06f4\u06f0\u066a \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f2 \u062a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 CO\u2082 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0647 \u062a\u064f\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong> (\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u062d\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u2192 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631)\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631: \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 <strong>\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f6.\u06f2. \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u062a \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 (\u0622\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0646\u06af)\u060c \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0636\u062e\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f7. \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f7.\u06f1. \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc <strong>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062d\u0641\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (Multi-Chamber)<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0645\u0634\u06cc\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634 (Stress Flow) \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f7.\u06f2. \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 Eurocode 9 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0647\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u00bb \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0647\u06cc\u0632 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0634 (toe) \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0632\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>Friction Stir Welding (FSW)<\/strong> \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f7.\u06f3. \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f (WPS\u060c PQR\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0628 NDT)<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06cc\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u062f\u06a9\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u06cc) \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>\u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a (Structural Health Monitoring)<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0633\u0646\u062c \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\u06f8-\u062c\u0645\u0639-\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u06f8. \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 <strong>\u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/strong>\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0698\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u06cc 5xxx \u0648 6xxx\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 Eurocode 9 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc S\u2013N \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u060c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong> \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u062e\u062a\/\u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0631\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc<\/strong>\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062d\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u06cc <strong>\u0633\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631<\/strong> (\u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u06a9\u0641 \u0648 \u2026)\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u06cc (Design Guides) \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06a9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/\">\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06a9<\/a><\/strong> \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u200c\u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 <strong>\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc<\/strong> \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29073\" style=\"width: 22px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Asset-1-150.svg\" alt=\"\"> \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Horn, R. \u2013 <em>Semitrailer Chassis Design against Fatigue on the Basis of Field Test Data<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">European Aluminium \u2013 <em>Aluminium in Use \u2013 Trucks and Trailers<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Aluminium in Commercial Vehicles \u2013 Technical Guide<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">EN 1999-1-3: Eurocode 9 \u2013 Design of Aluminium Structures \u2013 Part 1-3: Structures Susceptible to Fatigue<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">EN 1999-1-3:2023 \u2013 Design of Aluminium Structures \u2013 Part 1-3: Structures Susceptible to Fatigue<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Ranes, M. \u2013 <em>Fatigue properties of as-welded AA6005 and AA6082 aluminium alloys<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Duan, C. et al. \u2013 <em>Study on Microstructure and Fatigue Damage Mechanism of 6082 Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FatigueStrengthPredictionandDegradationBehaviorAnalysisof6005AT6AluminumAlloyConsideringFatigueAgingEffects.pdf\">Article \u2013 <em>Fatigue Strength Prediction and Degradation Behavior of 6005A-T6 Aluminum Alloy Considering Fatigue Aging Effects<\/em><br><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Speira \u2013 <em>Which aluminium alloys are best suited for truck trailers and semi-trailers?<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Haomei \u2013 <em>Structural Aluminum Profiles for Trucks: Save Weight and Improve Performance<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Elliff Trailers \u2013 <em>Are Aluminum Trailers Safe?<\/em><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/dot_42254_DS1.pdf\">SSC-410 \u2013 <em>Fatigue of Aluminum Structural Welds in Ship Structures<\/em> (\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u06cc)<\/a><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/eaa_en.pdf\">European Commission \u2013 <em>CO\u2082 and Road Transport \u2013 Aluminium in Trucks<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27152\" style=\"width: 25px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/favicon.svg\" alt=\"\"> <strong style=\"font-family: var(--font), IRANSansXV, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0px;\">\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u061f<\/strong><br><a style=\"font-family: var(--font), IRANSansXV, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/contact\/\">\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/a> \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06cc <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eirak.ir\/solutions\/\">\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645<\/a> \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0622\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u00ab\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0647\u00bb \u0634\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":33558,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"kb-cat":[1182,1223],"kb-tag":[1186,1212],"class_list":["post-33549","kb","type-kb","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kb-cat-manufacturing","kb-cat-automotive-transport-aluminium-knowledge","kb-tag-1186","kb-tag-1212"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/33549","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/kb"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/33549\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33559,"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/33549\/revisions\/33559"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kb-cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb-cat?post=33549"},{"taxonomy":"kb-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stage.eirak.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb-tag?post=33549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}